Operators in C Program

 Operator in C Programming Language

Operators is one of the TOKEN which is use to perform specific operations on different values/operands. Like arithmetic, relational, assignment etc...

C Program support eight (8) operators:

1. Arithmetic Operator
2. Assignment Operator
3. Relational Operator
4. Conditional Operator
5. Increment and Decrement Operator
6. Logical Operator
7. Bitwise Operator
8. Special Symbol Operator

1. Arithmetic Operator:

   

• Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations like... +, -, *, /, % .
• Real Arithmetic:
• when we perform arithmetic operations on real numbers, answer will be in real number.
• Example:
• 12.5/6.5 =  1.9230
• Mix Mode Arithmetic:
• When we perform arithmetic operations on those numbers in which some numbers are integer and some are real then answer will be floating number.
• Example:
• 12+3.5 = 15.5

2. Relational Operators:

• When we want to compare two operands or values, we use relational operators.
• Relational operator represent relation between two operands.
• There are six relational operators.

• Relational operators are used in conditional statement like if-else and looping statements like for, while or do while.

3. Assignment Operators:

• When we want to assign any value operand or expression to any variable then we can use assignment operators(=).
• Syntax:
• variable_name   OP    value/operand/expression
•  Example:
• a=5;
• a=(x+y+z);

• Short Hand Assignment Operator:
• a=a+1  -->  a+=1
• a=a*1  -->  a*=1
• a=a-b  -->  a-=b
• a=a/5  -->  a/=5
• x=x*(n+1)  -->  x*=(n+1)
• x=x+(n*m-o)  -->  x+=(n*m-o)

• When same operand is use at left hand side and right hand side of assignment operator in any equation, then short hand assignment operator can be used.
• Syntax:
• Variable_name   OP   = expression.

4.Logical Operators:

• Logical operator is used to check multiple conditions and make decision.
• There are three logical operators:
• Logical AND (&&)
• Logical OR (||)
• Logical NOT (!)
• LOGICAL AND:
• Logical AND operator check all conditions if all conditions are throw then only true block will be executed.
• If only any one condition is false then false block will be executed and it will return (0).

                                     LOGICAL AND TABLE

• LOGICAL OR:
• Logical OR operator check all condition if any one condition is true then it will return 1.

                                    LOGICAL OR TABLE

• LOGICAL NOT:
• Logical NOT operator give reverse result of given condition.
• If condition is false then it will return 1 (true).
• If condition is true then then it will return 0 (false).

5. Conditional Operator: (? :)

• Ternary operator ? and : are used to give condition in following expression.
• exp1 (condition)  ?  exp2(if condition is true)  :  exp3(else false)
• In this expression, exp1 is true then exp2 will be assigned to variable.
• If exp1 is false then exp3 will be assigned to variable.

6. Increment Decrement Operator:

• Increment Decrement operator are used to increment or decrement a value by 1.
• This operator is use in looping statement.
• There are two increment operators:
• Post Increment Operator : a++
• Pre Increment Operator : ++a
• There are also two decrement operators:
• Post Decrement Operator : a--
• Pre Decrement Operator : --a

7.Bitwise Operator:

• Bitwise operator are use to perform operations on bits.
• Mainly there are 5 bitwise operators:
1. & bitwise AND
2. | bitwise OR
3. ^ bitwise XOR
4. << shift left
5. >> shift right

1. & bitwise AND:
• If both bits are 1 there only answer will be 1 otherwise answer will be 0.
• & bitwise AND Table
2. | bitwise OR:
• If value of any 1 bit is 1 then if value of answer will be 1, otherwise will be 0.
• | bitwise OR Table
• 
  
  
  
  
3. ^ bitwise XOR:
• If both bits are opposite then only answer will be 1 otherwise answer will be 0.
•  ^ bitwise XOR Table
• 
  
  
  
  
4. << shift left:
• Shift left operation use to move number of bits position from left hand side.
5. >> shift right:
• Shift right operation is use to move number of bits position from right hand side.

8. Special Operators:

• There are different special operator are as follows:
• , (comma) operators
• Size of operators
• Pointer operators (*,&)
• Pointer member operators (->) etc.